Natural characteristics of the Republic of Srpska are very complex because it belongs to several natural geographic wholes of different geomorphology.
The geomorphology of the territory of the Republic of Srpska abounds in different forms. In the northern peri-Pannonian part, the hilly terrain, composed of Cenozoic deposits, gradually descends to the flat land with alluvial tablelands and fluvial terraces, which is the most fertile area in the Republic of Srpska.
There are only a few scattered mountains - Kozara, Prosara, Motajica, Vucijak, Trebovac, and the northeastern most flanks of Mt. Majevica. In the southern direction the flat land turns into the hilly terrain and then into a mountainous area which covers the largest portion of the territory of the Republic of Srpska.
